Document Type : Research Paper

Authors

1 PhD Student in Sport Management, Faculty of Sport Sciences, Urmia University, Urmia, Iran.

2 Professor of Sport Management, Faculty of Sport Sciences, Urmia University, Urmia, Iran.

3 Assistant Professor of Sport Management, Department of Sport Sciences, Faculty of Humanities, Maragheh University.

10.30473/fmss.2024.70325.2583

Abstract

Today, the place of ethics is of particular importance in all areas, including sport, including sport; The purpose of the present study was to investigate the impact of coaches' leadership style on the ethical decision of the Iraqi Football League athletes. The research method was a descriptive correlational type. Were used from four types of questionnaires; Including the Standard Questionnaire of the Chahadour and Saleh Leadership Behavior (1978), the Ethical Joe Questionnaire (Victor & Callen, 1993), the Ethical Decision Decision Questionnaire, Lee and Tminas (2007), and Athletes Satisfaction Questionnaire (Rimmer & Chaladra, 1998) Be. The location of this study includes Iraq. Therefore, the statistical population of the research included all the players working in the first -rate football league in Iraq. All the first -rate football players in Iraq participated in the statistical example, and eventually 150 responded to the questionnaires and were considered as the sample. Eight of 8 professors of sports management will be asked to measure the validity of the questionnaires. The reliability of the questionnaires was also calculated through the Cronbach's alpha coefficient, all above 0.7. Data analysis will be made using SPSS25 software and PLS 2 software. The results of the model indicated that the leadership style had a direct, positive and meaningful relationship with moral decision -making; Also, leadership style has a direct, positive and meaningful relationship with team satisfaction, plus leadership style is direct, positive and meaningful to the moral atmosphere, on the one hand the leadership style plays a mediator in ethical decision -making and team satisfaction. And team satisfaction plays a mediator. It is important to note that coaches in professional football often strive to define and train players about ethics, which can prevent ethical decision -making. Therefore, it is very important for coaches to be aware of their leadership style and actively promote ethical behavior and ethical development among footballers.

Highlights

  1. Berisha, G., Oliveira, L., & Humolli, E. (2023). To behave or not to behave ethically: A question of style?. Business and Society Review, 128(1), 23-50.
  2. Cerutti, P. S., Macke, J., & Sarate, J. A. R. (2020). Leadership and decision-making styles: Are they relevant for employee retention. Leadership, 10(2), 1-14.
  3. Fan, F., Chen, J., Chen, Y., Li, B., Guo, L., Shi, Y., ... & Shi, H. (2023). How relationship-maintenance strategies influence athlete burnout: Mediating roles of coach–athlete relationship and basic psychological needs satisfaction. Frontiers in Psychology, 13, 1104143.
  4. Fazilah, F. M., Radzi, J. A., & Kassim, A. F. M. (2023). Roles of coach’s behaviour in affecting the prosocial and antisocial behaviour in athletes: a systematic review. Malaysian Journal of Sport Science and Recreation (MJSSR), 19(1), 70-94.
  5. García-Esteban, L., Marentes-Castillo, M., Castillo, I., & Alvarez, O. (2023). El estilo transformacional del entrenador/a como facilitador de la identidad social de jóvenes jugadores/as de baloncesto: el papel mediador de las necesidades psicológicas básicas. Cuadernos de Psicología del Deporte, 23(2), 12-25.
  6. Giles, S., Fletcher, D., Arnold, R., Ashfield, A., & Harrison, J. (2020). Measuring well-being in sport performers: Where are we now and how do we progress? Sports Medicine, 50, 1255-1270.
  7. Hoque, K. E., & Raya, Z. T. (2023). Relationship between principals’ leadership styles and teachers’ behavior. Behavioral Sciences, 13(2), 111.
  8. Hurst, P., Kavussanu, M., Swain, J., & Ring, C. (2023). The role of moral identity and regret on cheating in sport. International Journal of Sport and Exercise Psychology, 21(2), 230-248.
  9. Hurst, P., Ring, C., & Kavussanu, M. (2020). An evaluation of UK athletics’ clean sport programme in preventing doping in junior elite athletes. Performance Enhancement & Health, 7(3-4), 100155.
  10. Keshavarz, L., Farahani, A., Najdsamiei, M. The relationship between the leadership style of coaches and the Sporting identity of elite women Handball players of Iran. Organizational Behavior Management in Sport Studies, 2014; 1(4): 69-78. [In Persian].
  11. Kim, J. (2019). Losing on Competing against oneself From Philosophical Perspective of Informal fair play.
  12. Lim, D., & Park, S. (2021). The Ethical Decision-making of Sport Athletes and Its Environmental Factors. Korean Journal of Sport Science, 32(1), 85-96.
  13. Miah, A. (2020). Rethinking enhancement in sport. The Ethics of Sports Technologies and Human Enhancement, 233-252.
  14. Movaghar, M., Alizadeh Sani, M., andevari, Z. The effect of Secure base Leadership on Nursing Ethical Behaviors: Determining the Role of Individual Resilience Moderator. (Case study: Governmental Hospitals in Mazandaran province). Journal of Executive Management, 2023; (): -. doi: 10.22080/jem.2023.23923.3772 [In Persian].
  15. Perera, H. (2019). Does the coach leadership behavior mediates the influence of factors affecting coach leadership behavioral styles on team success. International Journal of Human Movement and Sports Sciences, 7(3), 51-57.
  16. Pfleegor, A. G. (2013). An etho-conventional decision-making model for sport managers. Louisiana State University and Agricultural & Mechanical College.
  17. Pulido, J. J., López-Gajardo, M. A., Ponce-Bordón, J. C., Vaquero-Solís, M., & Leo, F. M. (2022). Does coaches’ satisfaction with the team determine their interpersonal style? The mediating role of basic psychological needs. European Journal of Sport Science, 22(2), 248-256.
  18. Ramlawati, R., Serlin, S., Arminas, A., Junaidi, J., & Ready, W. (2023). The role of ethical leadership on employee commitment to the organization: the mediating role of job satisfaction and job engagement. Организационная психология, 13(1), 73-91.
  19. SalmaniM,Azizi,KohanN,ImanzadehM,MoharramzadehM.AnalyzingtheMediatingroleofMoralIntelligenceintheRelationshipbetweenLeadershipStyleandAttitudestowardChangManagersofSportsBoards.Akhlaqizisti,i.e.,BioethicsJournal.2022;12(37):e39. [In Persian].
  20. Scott, D. (2021). Contemporary leadership in sport organizations. Human Kinetics.
  21. shamohammadi, Y., rafiee, V., naderyan, I., yazdanpanah, M. The effect of ethical leadership and commitment of swimming coaches on the understanding of sports success and satisfaction of athletes. Management and Entrepreneurship in Sport, 2023; 2(1): -. doi: 10.48301/jmes.2023.408819.1025 [In Persian].
  22. Sharfi Hossein, Seyyed Ameri Mirhasan. The role of leader-follower exchange theory in the relationship between organizational justice and job satisfaction in the Ministry of Sports and Youth of Iran. Islamic lifestyle based on health [Internet]. 1401;6(3):491-499. Available from: https://sid.ir/paper/1115552/fa [In Persian].
  23. Silva, T. T. D. (2019). Cuestiones éticas en la práctica de la medicina del deporte en la actualidad. Revista Bioética, 27, 62-66.
  24. Sivrikaya, A. H. (2022). Role of the branch of sports in moral decision-making. Southern Communication Journal, 87(1), 108-118.
  25. Vasilyev, I. A. (2023). Legalization of Ethics in Sports and Disciplinary Liability for “Disrepute”. Kutafin Law Review, 10(2), 404-425.
  26. West, J. (2020). Research ethics in sport and exercise science. Handbook of Research Ethics and Scientific Integrity, 1091-1107.
  27. Zain, N. S. M., Ahmad, M. F., Dahlan, N. D., & Khaidzir, M. F. S. (2021). MORAL DECISION MAKING IN SPORTS: A CASE STUDY ON BEHAVIOURS AMONG JOHOR SUKMA ATHLETES. Malaysian Journal of Sport Science and Recreation (MJSSR), 17(2), 285-297

Keywords

Main Subjects

  1. Berisha, G., Oliveira, L., & Humolli, E. (2023). To behave or not to behave ethically: A question of style?. Business and Society Review, 128(1), 23-50.
  2. Cerutti, P. S., Macke, J., & Sarate, J. A. R. (2020). Leadership and decision-making styles: Are they relevant for employee retention. Leadership, 10(2), 1-14.
  3. Fan, F., Chen, J., Chen, Y., Li, B., Guo, L., Shi, Y., ... & Shi, H. (2023). How relationship-maintenance strategies influence athlete burnout: Mediating roles of coach–athlete relationship and basic psychological needs satisfaction. Frontiers in Psychology, 13, 1104143.
  4. Fazilah, F. M., Radzi, J. A., & Kassim, A. F. M. (2023). Roles of coach’s behaviour in affecting the prosocial and antisocial behaviour in athletes: a systematic review. Malaysian Journal of Sport Science and Recreation (MJSSR), 19(1), 70-94.
  5. García-Esteban, L., Marentes-Castillo, M., Castillo, I., & Alvarez, O. (2023). El estilo transformacional del entrenador/a como facilitador de la identidad social de jóvenes jugadores/as de baloncesto: el papel mediador de las necesidades psicológicas básicas. Cuadernos de Psicología del Deporte, 23(2), 12-25.
  6. Giles, S., Fletcher, D., Arnold, R., Ashfield, A., & Harrison, J. (2020). Measuring well-being in sport performers: Where are we now and how do we progress? Sports Medicine, 50, 1255-1270.
  7. Hoque, K. E., & Raya, Z. T. (2023). Relationship between principals’ leadership styles and teachers’ behavior. Behavioral Sciences, 13(2), 111.
  8. Hurst, P., Kavussanu, M., Swain, J., & Ring, C. (2023). The role of moral identity and regret on cheating in sport. International Journal of Sport and Exercise Psychology, 21(2), 230-248.
  9. Hurst, P., Ring, C., & Kavussanu, M. (2020). An evaluation of UK athletics’ clean sport programme in preventing doping in junior elite athletes. Performance Enhancement & Health, 7(3-4), 100155.
  10. Keshavarz, L., Farahani, A., Najdsamiei, M. The relationship between the leadership style of coaches and the Sporting identity of elite women Handball players of Iran. Organizational Behavior Management in Sport Studies, 2014; 1(4): 69-78. [In Persian].
  11. Kim, J. (2019). Losing on Competing against oneself From Philosophical Perspective of Informal fair play.
  12. Lim, D., & Park, S. (2021). The Ethical Decision-making of Sport Athletes and Its Environmental Factors. Korean Journal of Sport Science, 32(1), 85-96.
  13. Miah, A. (2020). Rethinking enhancement in sport. The Ethics of Sports Technologies and Human Enhancement, 233-252.
  14. Movaghar, M., Alizadeh Sani, M., andevari, Z. The effect of Secure base Leadership on Nursing Ethical Behaviors: Determining the Role of Individual Resilience Moderator. (Case study: Governmental Hospitals in Mazandaran province). Journal of Executive Management, 2023; (): -. doi: 10.22080/jem.2023.23923.3772 [In Persian].
  15. Perera, H. (2019). Does the coach leadership behavior mediates the influence of factors affecting coach leadership behavioral styles on team success. International Journal of Human Movement and Sports Sciences, 7(3), 51-57.
  16. Pfleegor, A. G. (2013). An etho-conventional decision-making model for sport managers. Louisiana State University and Agricultural & Mechanical College.
  17. Pulido, J. J., López-Gajardo, M. A., Ponce-Bordón, J. C., Vaquero-Solís, M., & Leo, F. M. (2022). Does coaches’ satisfaction with the team determine their interpersonal style? The mediating role of basic psychological needs. European Journal of Sport Science, 22(2), 248-256.
  18. Ramlawati, R., Serlin, S., Arminas, A., Junaidi, J., & Ready, W. (2023). The role of ethical leadership on employee commitment to the organization: the mediating role of job satisfaction and job engagement. Организационная психология, 13(1), 73-91.
  19. SalmaniM,Azizi,KohanN,ImanzadehM,MoharramzadehM.AnalyzingtheMediatingroleofMoralIntelligenceintheRelationshipbetweenLeadershipStyleandAttitudestowardChangManagersofSportsBoards.Akhlaqizisti,i.e.,BioethicsJournal.2022;12(37):e39. [In Persian].
  20. Scott, D. (2021). Contemporary leadership in sport organizations. Human Kinetics.
  21. shamohammadi, Y., rafiee, V., naderyan, I., yazdanpanah, M. The effect of ethical leadership and commitment of swimming coaches on the understanding of sports success and satisfaction of athletes. Management and Entrepreneurship in Sport, 2023; 2(1): -. doi: 10.48301/jmes.2023.408819.1025 [In Persian].
  22. Sharfi Hossein, Seyyed Ameri Mirhasan. The role of leader-follower exchange theory in the relationship between organizational justice and job satisfaction in the Ministry of Sports and Youth of Iran. Islamic lifestyle based on health [Internet]. 1401;6(3):491-499. Available from: https://sid.ir/paper/1115552/fa [In Persian].
  23. Silva, T. T. D. (2019). Cuestiones éticas en la práctica de la medicina del deporte en la actualidad. Revista Bioética, 27, 62-66.
  24. Sivrikaya, A. H. (2022). Role of the branch of sports in moral decision-making. Southern Communication Journal, 87(1), 108-118.
  25. Vasilyev, I. A. (2023). Legalization of Ethics in Sports and Disciplinary Liability for “Disrepute”. Kutafin Law Review, 10(2), 404-425.
  26. West, J. (2020). Research ethics in sport and exercise science. Handbook of Research Ethics and Scientific Integrity, 1091-1107.
  27. Zain, N. S. M., Ahmad, M. F., Dahlan, N. D., & Khaidzir, M. F. S. (2021). MORAL DECISION MAKING IN SPORTS: A CASE STUDY ON BEHAVIOURS AMONG JOHOR SUKMA ATHLETES. Malaysian Journal of Sport Science and Recreation (MJSSR), 17(2), 285-297